What is Diversity?
The original "Big Eight" Social Identifiers
1. Ability - Mental and/or physical
2. Age
3. Ethnicity
4. Gender
5. Race
6. Religion
7. Sexual Orientation
8. Socio-Economic Status/Class
2. Age
3. Ethnicity
4. Gender
5. Race
6. Religion
7. Sexual Orientation
8. Socio-Economic Status/Class
ISDN
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Although not one of the formal "Eight", ISDN considers Family Composition (i.e. adoption, same gender parental units, single parents, extended parenting units and other "non conventional" family units) and Learning Differences to be important areas that need to be addressed in our schools.
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National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS) |
Recently, the National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS) has added the following cultural identifiers to the "Big Eight"
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Additional terms and links
Ability privilege - http://everydayfeminism.com/2013/03/19-examples-of-ability-privilege/?upw
Ageism - is stereotyping and discriminating against individuals or groups because of their age MORE HERE
20+ Examples of Age Privilege
Ally - One who is associated with another as a helper or advocate.
8 Ways Not To Be An "Ally": A Non-Comprehensive List
By Mia Mckenzie
see also www.facebook.com/Shwww.huffingtonpost.com/spectra/straight-allies-white-ant_b_3372490.html.
Anti-bias curriculum - A curriculum constructed to be inclusive and designed to consider many diverse points of view and perspectives (cultural, racial, global, etc). It takes an active, problem solving approach to current issues and is infused in all areas of the school's programing and culture.
Bias - Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.
Bigotry - Hatred or intense negative feelings towards any particular group; intolerance
Color-blind - (from Wikipedia)
a sociological term referring to the disregard of racial characteristics when selecting which individuals will participate in some activity or receive some service. The rationale for "color-blind" practices is that racism and race privilege no longer exercise the power they once did, and/or that treating people equally leads to a more equal society. As described by Chief Justice Roberts, "The way to stop discrimination on the basis of race, is to stop discriminating on the basis of race."[1]
However, according to Christopher Doob in his textbook Social Inequality and Social Stratification in US Society, whites believe they live in a world in which "racial privilege no longer exists, but their behavior supports racialized structures and practices."[2] Dr. Michael Kimmel made the statement not only in his book Guyland, but in a lecture, that "privilege is invisible to those who have it." [3] Those who have not been the target of racial bias cannot see or comprehend exactly what this feels like, looks like or the effects that it can have on people's lives. Whites simply believe discrimination and white privilege do not exist, because in their world they do not. Doob also mentions in his book that many times, due to the prominent racism that is still evident in today's society, minorities often do not have a choice but to participate in the racial socialization. This, he states, is due to the fact that it can be a daunting task to maintain a social identity in such a society.[2]
Put into practice, color-blind operations use no racial data or profiling and make no classifications, categorizations, or distinctions based upon race. An example of this would be a college processing admissions without regard to or knowledge of the racial characteristics of applicants.[4]
Cultural Competence - Having the skills to interact effectively with people of different cultures and ethnic backgrounds. Developing cultural competence results in an ability to understand, communicate with, and effectively interact with people across cultures. Cultural competence comprises four components:
Equality - starts with the premise that everyone is born with the same set of rights and privileges regardless of any of the social identifiers (race, gender, socio-economic status, etc).
Equity - takes into consideration the fact that the social identifiers (race, gender, socio-economic status, etc.) do in fact affect equality. In an equitable environment, an individual or a group would be given what was needed to give them equal advantage.This would not necessarily be equal to what others were receiving. It could be more or different.
Wealth Inequality in America
Internalized Racial Oppression (two manifestations of):
1. Internalized Racial Inferiority - A multigenerational process of the acceptance of the dominant society’s racist views, stereotypes and biases of one’s ethnic group. It gives rise to patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving that result in discriminating, minimizing, criticizing, finding fault, invalidating, and hating oneself while simultaneously valuing the dominant culture.
Taking Action Against Racism - TAAR
2. Internalized Racial Superiority - a multigenerational process of receiving, acting on, internalizing, invisibilizing, and legitimizing a system of privilege.
Intersectionality (or Intersectionalism) - intersections between different groups of people identifying in various -isms or social identifiers; the interactions of multiple systems of oppression or discrimination.
Learning Difference/Learning Disability - May be diagnosed or not, but implies that the individual learns in a way that may be outside of what is considered the "norm". In many cases the brain is wired differently. The difference may be language or non-language based. This difference usually has nothing to do with intelligence. Cognitive abilities can range from below average to very superior but a learning disability is categorized by a wide discrepancy between cognitive ability and performance. Depending on the attitude and/or resources of a school, many students with mild to moderate "differences" can thrive in a mainstream setting.
Learning Disabilities:
http://www.ldonline.org/ldbasics/whatisld
http://www.partnerstx.org/Resources/LD/Main.htm
http://home.gwu.edu/~kkid/testing.html
LGBTQ - Initialism standing for Lesbian. Gay, Bi-sexual, Transgender, Queer or Questioning identity.Sometimes just written asLGBT or LGBTIQ (The "I" standing for "Intersex") -http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT
Microaggressions - Subtle non physical aggressions, usually unconscious. They are usually based on an erroneous set of assumptions. When said or done they put people of a particular group down and can be hurtful. (e.g. "You speak so well."/ "You don't look Jewish."/ "Some of my best friends are black."/ "What are you?"/ "Why do you wear that towel on your head?"/ "All of you orientals look alike to me."/ "I just don't understand why the Koreans and Japanese students aren't all friends' -can substitute Africans and black Americans/ Mexicans and Puerto Ricans... - etc.)
Minority - Lesser in numbers in any given environment. Can also imply lesser in value or importance. When referring to people in terms of race, the term "people of color" is preferred (see below).
Multicultural Education is inclusive of diverse perspectives, allowing students to see history as well as the current world through many lens. It is grounded in ideals of social justice, education equity and critical pedagogy. A multicultural education encourages and empowers students by providing educational experiences in which all students reach their full potentials as learners and as socially aware and active global citizens.
People of Color - Individuals who have roots in one or more of the following racial/ethnic groups and who identify as persons of color: African, Latino/Hispanic, Asian, South Asian, Native American, Middle Eastern, Pacific Islander
Prejudice - Any preconceived opinion or feeling, either favorable or unfavorable.
Race - Established in the 18th century. A specious classification of human beings created by Europeans (whites) which assigns human worth and social status, using"white" as the model of humanity and the height of human achievement for the purpose of establishing and maintaining privilege and power.
More on the creation of race - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caucasian_race
Racism - Race prejudice + Power
(not to be confused with bias, intolerance, bigotry, prejudice or discrimination)
Racism: Some Links
http://www.antiracistworkshop.org/define/def.html
http://www.racialequitytools.org/ci-concepts-ra.htm
Social Justice - The fair distribution of advantages/rights
Stereotype Threat- the experience of anxiety or concern in a situation where a person has the potential to confirm a negative stereotype about their social group. First described by social psychologist Claude Steele and his colleagues, stereotype threat has been shown to reduce the performance of individuals who belong to negatively stereotyped groups. MORE
Whistling Vivaldi: And Other Clues to How Stereotypes Affect Us by Dr. Claude Steele
Systemic Racism - A social construct designed to provide unequal access to services, rights and privileges to members of racial groups considered to be the minority.
Undocumented Immigrant - Someone who resides in a country without proper documentation. Use of the phrase "illegal Alien" is inappropriate and demeaning.
http://civilliberty.about.com/od/immigrantsrights/qt/illegal_undoc.htm
http://colorlines.com/droptheiword/
White Priviledge - Unearned advantages based solely on the fact that one is born white. These advantages are often viewed by whites as the norm rather than as an advantaged position that must be maintained at the expense of all.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_privilege
White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack
- Peggy MacIntosh
Ageism - is stereotyping and discriminating against individuals or groups because of their age MORE HERE
20+ Examples of Age Privilege
Ally - One who is associated with another as a helper or advocate.
8 Ways Not To Be An "Ally": A Non-Comprehensive List
By Mia Mckenzie
see also www.facebook.com/Shwww.huffingtonpost.com/spectra/straight-allies-white-ant_b_3372490.html.
Anti-bias curriculum - A curriculum constructed to be inclusive and designed to consider many diverse points of view and perspectives (cultural, racial, global, etc). It takes an active, problem solving approach to current issues and is infused in all areas of the school's programing and culture.
Bias - Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.
Bigotry - Hatred or intense negative feelings towards any particular group; intolerance
Color-blind - (from Wikipedia)
a sociological term referring to the disregard of racial characteristics when selecting which individuals will participate in some activity or receive some service. The rationale for "color-blind" practices is that racism and race privilege no longer exercise the power they once did, and/or that treating people equally leads to a more equal society. As described by Chief Justice Roberts, "The way to stop discrimination on the basis of race, is to stop discriminating on the basis of race."[1]
However, according to Christopher Doob in his textbook Social Inequality and Social Stratification in US Society, whites believe they live in a world in which "racial privilege no longer exists, but their behavior supports racialized structures and practices."[2] Dr. Michael Kimmel made the statement not only in his book Guyland, but in a lecture, that "privilege is invisible to those who have it." [3] Those who have not been the target of racial bias cannot see or comprehend exactly what this feels like, looks like or the effects that it can have on people's lives. Whites simply believe discrimination and white privilege do not exist, because in their world they do not. Doob also mentions in his book that many times, due to the prominent racism that is still evident in today's society, minorities often do not have a choice but to participate in the racial socialization. This, he states, is due to the fact that it can be a daunting task to maintain a social identity in such a society.[2]
Put into practice, color-blind operations use no racial data or profiling and make no classifications, categorizations, or distinctions based upon race. An example of this would be a college processing admissions without regard to or knowledge of the racial characteristics of applicants.[4]
Cultural Competence - Having the skills to interact effectively with people of different cultures and ethnic backgrounds. Developing cultural competence results in an ability to understand, communicate with, and effectively interact with people across cultures. Cultural competence comprises four components:
- Awareness of one's own cultural worldview
- Openness towards cultural differences,
- Knowledge of different cultural practices and world views,
- Cross-cultural skills.
Equality - starts with the premise that everyone is born with the same set of rights and privileges regardless of any of the social identifiers (race, gender, socio-economic status, etc).
Equity - takes into consideration the fact that the social identifiers (race, gender, socio-economic status, etc.) do in fact affect equality. In an equitable environment, an individual or a group would be given what was needed to give them equal advantage.This would not necessarily be equal to what others were receiving. It could be more or different.
Wealth Inequality in America
Internalized Racial Oppression (two manifestations of):
1. Internalized Racial Inferiority - A multigenerational process of the acceptance of the dominant society’s racist views, stereotypes and biases of one’s ethnic group. It gives rise to patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving that result in discriminating, minimizing, criticizing, finding fault, invalidating, and hating oneself while simultaneously valuing the dominant culture.
Taking Action Against Racism - TAAR
2. Internalized Racial Superiority - a multigenerational process of receiving, acting on, internalizing, invisibilizing, and legitimizing a system of privilege.
Intersectionality (or Intersectionalism) - intersections between different groups of people identifying in various -isms or social identifiers; the interactions of multiple systems of oppression or discrimination.
Learning Difference/Learning Disability - May be diagnosed or not, but implies that the individual learns in a way that may be outside of what is considered the "norm". In many cases the brain is wired differently. The difference may be language or non-language based. This difference usually has nothing to do with intelligence. Cognitive abilities can range from below average to very superior but a learning disability is categorized by a wide discrepancy between cognitive ability and performance. Depending on the attitude and/or resources of a school, many students with mild to moderate "differences" can thrive in a mainstream setting.
Learning Disabilities:
http://www.ldonline.org/ldbasics/whatisld
http://www.partnerstx.org/Resources/LD/Main.htm
http://home.gwu.edu/~kkid/testing.html
LGBTQ - Initialism standing for Lesbian. Gay, Bi-sexual, Transgender, Queer or Questioning identity.Sometimes just written asLGBT or LGBTIQ (The "I" standing for "Intersex") -http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT
Microaggressions - Subtle non physical aggressions, usually unconscious. They are usually based on an erroneous set of assumptions. When said or done they put people of a particular group down and can be hurtful. (e.g. "You speak so well."/ "You don't look Jewish."/ "Some of my best friends are black."/ "What are you?"/ "Why do you wear that towel on your head?"/ "All of you orientals look alike to me."/ "I just don't understand why the Koreans and Japanese students aren't all friends' -can substitute Africans and black Americans/ Mexicans and Puerto Ricans... - etc.)
Minority - Lesser in numbers in any given environment. Can also imply lesser in value or importance. When referring to people in terms of race, the term "people of color" is preferred (see below).
Multicultural Education is inclusive of diverse perspectives, allowing students to see history as well as the current world through many lens. It is grounded in ideals of social justice, education equity and critical pedagogy. A multicultural education encourages and empowers students by providing educational experiences in which all students reach their full potentials as learners and as socially aware and active global citizens.
People of Color - Individuals who have roots in one or more of the following racial/ethnic groups and who identify as persons of color: African, Latino/Hispanic, Asian, South Asian, Native American, Middle Eastern, Pacific Islander
Prejudice - Any preconceived opinion or feeling, either favorable or unfavorable.
Race - Established in the 18th century. A specious classification of human beings created by Europeans (whites) which assigns human worth and social status, using"white" as the model of humanity and the height of human achievement for the purpose of establishing and maintaining privilege and power.
More on the creation of race - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caucasian_race
Racism - Race prejudice + Power
(not to be confused with bias, intolerance, bigotry, prejudice or discrimination)
Racism: Some Links
http://www.antiracistworkshop.org/define/def.html
http://www.racialequitytools.org/ci-concepts-ra.htm
Social Justice - The fair distribution of advantages/rights
Stereotype Threat- the experience of anxiety or concern in a situation where a person has the potential to confirm a negative stereotype about their social group. First described by social psychologist Claude Steele and his colleagues, stereotype threat has been shown to reduce the performance of individuals who belong to negatively stereotyped groups. MORE
Whistling Vivaldi: And Other Clues to How Stereotypes Affect Us by Dr. Claude Steele
Systemic Racism - A social construct designed to provide unequal access to services, rights and privileges to members of racial groups considered to be the minority.
Undocumented Immigrant - Someone who resides in a country without proper documentation. Use of the phrase "illegal Alien" is inappropriate and demeaning.
http://civilliberty.about.com/od/immigrantsrights/qt/illegal_undoc.htm
http://colorlines.com/droptheiword/
White Priviledge - Unearned advantages based solely on the fact that one is born white. These advantages are often viewed by whites as the norm rather than as an advantaged position that must be maintained at the expense of all.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_privilege
White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack
- Peggy MacIntosh